Celebrating a Century of Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) in Kenya

Kenya is commemorating 100 years of Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET), with a grand three-day event set to take place at Kabete National Polytechnic starting July 29. This milestone marks a century of dedication to skill development and vocational training, pivotal for the nation’s growth and development.

The centenary celebrations, inaugurated by President William Ruto in March with the ‘TVET@100 Torch and Flame’ relay at Nyeri National Polytechnic, reflect on the evolution and impact of TVET in Kenya. The relay has traveled through various regions, including Mount Kenya, Rift Valley, Western, Nyanza, Eastern, Northern, Coast, and Nairobi, symbolizing the widespread influence of TVET across the country.

The theme of the celebrations, ‘Making TVET System Responsive to the Fast-Changing Global Mega Trends, Labour Market, and Societal Needs,’ emphasizes the need to align the TVET sector with contemporary demands. This includes enhancing employability, promoting decent work, fostering entrepreneurship, and encouraging lifelong learning. The event aims to boost access to TVET, improve its quality and relevance, enhance stakeholder engagement, and promote governance and accountability within the sector.

Historical Context

TVET in Kenya predates the arrival of Europeans, with traditional skills such as house-building, tool-making, and agriculture passed down through generations via an apprenticeship system. The arrival of Europeans and the construction of the Kenya-Uganda railway in the early 20th century brought significant changes. Indian traders and laborers, along with Christian missionaries, played crucial roles in training local artisans and craftsmen.

The Second World War further intensified the need for technical skills, leading to the establishment of vocational schools and training programs for various trades. In 1954, the establishment of the Commission for Higher Education marked a major breakthrough for TVET, recommending the creation of the Royal Technical College in Nairobi, which eventually evolved into the University of Nairobi.

Evolution of Kabete National Polytechnic

Kabete National Polytechnic, formerly the Native Industrial Training Depot (NITD), was established in July 1924. This institution was instrumental in training demobilized soldiers and other locals, imparting them with practical skills for survival. Over the years, it transitioned through various phases, from Kabete Technical High School to Kabete Technical Training Institute, adapting to the changing educational landscape.

With the introduction of the 8-4-4 education system in 1985, Kabete Technical Training Institute expanded its mandate to offer artisan, trade test, certificate, and diploma programs. The institution has consistently aimed to equip trainees with skills for self-employment or salaried positions in both public and private sectors.

Looking Forward

As Kenya celebrates 100 years of TVET, stakeholders are urged to ensure that all eligible students are admitted to nearby TVET institutions for the May 2024 intake. According to Charles Koech, Chief Principal of Eldoret National Polytechnic and KATTI National Vice Chairman, the centenary is a time for reflection on the progress and achievements of TVET.

Koech highlights the significant reforms and increased uptake of TVET courses, noting that even university graduates are now enrolling for specialized TVET programs. The perception of TVET has evolved, and it is no longer seen as a fallback for those who have failed national examinations. The introduction of dual training, where trainees spend about 50 percent of their time in industry, ensures they are well-prepared for the workforce.

In conclusion, the 100-year celebration of TVET in Kenya is not just a historical milestone but a testament to the enduring importance of vocational education in national development. As the country looks to the future, continued investment in and support for TVET will be crucial in meeting the evolving needs of the labor market and society.