Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in regions with high transmission rates. In efforts to combat the disease, a malaria vaccine is being introduced into childhood vaccination programs. However, understanding the acceptance of this vaccine among caregivers is crucial for its successful implementation. This study investigates the acceptance of the malaria vaccine and associated factors among caregivers of children under five years old in Burundi.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess caregivers’ willingness to accept the malaria vaccine. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and statistical analysis was performed to determine factors influencing acceptance.
The results revealed that 90.6% of caregivers expressed willingness to vaccinate their children against malaria. Significant predictive factors influencing vaccine acceptance included caregivers’ knowledge about the malaria vaccine, employment status, and previous experience with childhood vaccinations. Caregivers who were knowledgeable about the vaccine were significantly more likely to accept it. Similarly, employed caregivers and those with prior experience in childhood vaccination demonstrated higher acceptance rates.
These findings indicate a strong willingness among caregivers to adopt the malaria vaccine. However, targeted awareness campaigns are essential to address any gaps in knowledge and concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy. Building upon existing trust in childhood immunization programs, policymakers should develop strategic public health interventions that foster vaccine confidence and ensure widespread adoption. This approach will contribute significantly to malaria prevention and control efforts.
Malaria remains a major global health burden, particularly affecting children under five years old. In recent years, malaria cases have surged, with a significant increase in Burundi. The disease continues to cause high morbidity and mortality, despite various preventive and treatment measures such as the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets, indoor residual spraying, and chemoprevention during pregnancy. Given these ongoing challenges, the introduction of a malaria vaccine is expected to provide an additional layer of protection against the disease.
A successful vaccination program depends on the local socio-cultural context. Previous research has shown that factors such as lack of awareness, previous negative vaccination experiences, and fear of adverse reactions influence vaccine acceptance. While high acceptance rates have been observed in countries such as Nigeria and Ghana, lower acceptance has been reported in some regions. Socioeconomic and demographic factors, including education level, employment status, and healthcare access, play crucial roles in shaping caregivers’ attitudes toward vaccination.
This study was conducted in Burundi, a landlocked country in central-eastern Africa, where over 90% of the population resides in rural areas. The research focused on health districts classified into different malaria risk zones. A random sampling technique was used to select participants, ensuring representation across regions with varying malaria incidence rates.
A structured questionnaire was designed based on existing literature and was tested for reliability and validity before data collection. The questionnaire was translated into the local language to ensure clarity. The dependent variable in the study was caregivers’ willingness to vaccinate their children, while independent variables included sociodemographic factors, previous vaccination experience, and knowledge about the malaria vaccine.
The data collection process involved obtaining permission from the Ministry of Health and training research assistants on ethical considerations and confidentiality protocols. Research assistants worked closely with health facility managers to ensure smooth data collection. Informed consent was obtained from participants before administering the questionnaire. The data collection period lasted one month, with regular monitoring to address any emerging challenges.
By understanding the factors influencing malaria vaccine acceptance, decision-makers can design effective strategies to promote vaccination uptake. Strengthening public health education, addressing vaccine safety concerns, and leveraging existing immunization programs will be essential to ensuring the successful introduction of the malaria vaccine in Burundi.
