Kenya is currently grappling with a surge in Influenza A cases, as the flu season worsens. Over the past few weeks, many Kenyans have reported symptoms of a persistent and severe flu, which has led to confusion and concern. The symptoms are notably intense, with sufferers experiencing headaches, sore throats, sneezing, joint aches, fever, and fatigue, sometimes lasting over a week. These symptoms have led many to initially fear a resurgence of COVID-19, as the illnesses share similarities.
However, experts have confirmed that the culprit behind the outbreak is Influenza A, which has been spreading rapidly across the country. The strain appears to be harsher than usual, with some individuals describing their symptoms as debilitating. Social media has been filled with posts from people sharing their experiences, with some saying they were too weak to leave their homes or work. The flu’s severity has raised concerns, especially among those whose symptoms seem to overlap with those of COVID-19.
Dr. Jeremy Gitau, an infectious disease expert, confirms that the flu outbreak is real and concerning. Since late February and throughout March, healthcare facilities have reported a significant increase in flu cases. The symptoms have been wide-ranging, including fever, cough, sneezing, runny nose, and even chest pain in some instances. In severe cases, the flu has progressed to pneumonia. While there have been no significant increases in COVID-19 cases, the overlap in symptoms has raised questions about possible unreported COVID-19 infections.
The Ministry of Health has confirmed that Influenza A is circulating widely in Kenya, prompting public health officials to recommend precautions similar to those used during the COVID-19 pandemic. This includes practicing respiratory hygiene, wearing face masks in public places, frequent handwashing, and avoiding close contact with individuals showing flu symptoms. Vaccination against influenza is also being promoted, especially for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and individuals with chronic illnesses.
The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies influenza as a seasonal epidemic, which typically occurs in colder months in temperate regions. However, in tropical regions like Kenya, influenza can circulate year-round. WHO estimates that influenza affects about one billion people globally each year, with 3 to 5 million cases considered severe, leading to between 290,000 and 650,000 respiratory deaths annually.
Kenya’s weather in recent months has provided ideal conditions for the flu virus to spread. The cool, wet, and unstable climate has created a breeding ground for respiratory viruses. High-altitude areas, such as Nairobi and counties like Nyeri, Nakuru, and Kericho, are particularly vulnerable. Historically, regions like Nairobi, Kisumu, Mombasa, and Uasin Gishu have experienced the highest number of flu cases.
Influenza A is known for its rapid mutation, which makes it difficult to predict and control. New strains of the virus, such as H1N1 and H3N2, can emerge unexpectedly, and if not properly managed, they have the potential to cause global pandemics. This highlights the importance of vaccination and robust surveillance, particularly for high-risk populations.
Dr. Gitau emphasizes that certain groups are more at risk for severe outcomes, including the elderly, individuals with chronic health conditions like diabetes or hypertension, and those with weakened immune systems. These individuals are encouraged to receive the flu vaccine, which can reduce the severity of the illness and prevent complications. Though the vaccine may not prevent the flu entirely, it can reduce the risk of hospitalization and death.
The flu vaccine is available at select health facilities in Kenya, though uptake remains low due to lack of awareness and the cost of the vaccine. Public health experts continue to advocate for better education and awareness to encourage higher vaccination rates.
In response to the current surge in respiratory illnesses, the Ministry of Health has urged the public to take precautions seriously. Simple measures like wearing masks, staying home when ill, and seeking medical attention early can help reduce the spread and severity of the illness. Dr. Gitau also warns against the misuse of antibiotics, which are ineffective against viral infections like influenza. Instead, symptomatic treatment is recommended, with medications like antihistamines for runny noses and paracetamol for fever. Antibiotics should only be prescribed if a secondary bacterial infection is suspected.
With continued vigilance and preventive measures, health officials hope to mitigate the impact of this influenza wave and protect the public from further health complications.
