Are you ready to address problematic drinking? Many people find that peer support plays a crucial role in helping them move toward recovery. Two well-known self-help programs designed to offer such support are Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and SMART Recovery. While some people opt for one program, others combine both. But what factors influence these decisions, and what do participants like and dislike about each program?
A recent study led by Dr. John F. Kelly, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, explored these questions. Dr. Kelly and his team interviewed 80 participants over a two-year period to assess the experiences of those enrolled in either AA, SMART Recovery, or a combination of both. Here’s a breakdown of what the study revealed about the two approaches to recovery.
One of the most significant findings was the importance of camaraderie in both AA and SMART Recovery. Participants overwhelmingly cited the connection with others facing similar struggles as a key factor in their recovery. Dr. Kelly explains that sharing experiences with others reduces self-stigma and shame, helping individuals feel less isolated in their journey.
Role models within these programs are also a powerful motivator. Seeing others who have overcome similar challenges can inspire hope and foster a sense of community. Whether through AA or SMART Recovery, building relationships with others walking the same path appears to be a critical element in the recovery process.
Founded in 1935, AA has been a staple in the recovery community for nearly a century. Its longstanding presence means that it’s easy to find a meeting, no matter where you are. In Boston alone, there are 1,800 AA meetings held each week, compared to just 30 SMART Recovery meetings. AA’s widespread availability and variety of meeting types make it an attractive option for many people seeking support.
AA’s 12-step program is rooted in spiritual principles designed to help individuals achieve sobriety. However, interestingly, the study found that spirituality was rarely mentioned as a core part of the recovery process. In fact, research suggests that about half of AA members don’t feel the need to believe in a higher power or deity. For many, the real spiritual experience comes from the human connection fostered within the group.
On the other hand, SMART Recovery appeals to those who prefer a more structured, science-based approach to recovery. Founded in 1990, SMART Recovery incorporates evidence-based practices like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivational psychology. The goal is to help individuals identify and cope with the emotional and environmental triggers that contribute to their alcohol use.
The study also revealed that people who choose SMART Recovery tend to have fewer severe alcohol-related issues. They often have higher levels of education, better employment prospects, and more financial resources than those in AA. This makes SMART Recovery an excellent option for individuals who might be looking for a more structured and scientific framework to aid their recovery.
While AA groups are typically led by members who have experienced recovery themselves, SMART Recovery groups are led by trained facilitators who may not necessarily have a personal history of alcohol misuse. For some, this difference is notable. However, the absence of lived experience was not necessarily seen as a negative, as facilitators can manage discussions more effectively, ensuring that group time is used productively.
AA, on the other hand, encourages members to find a sponsor a mentor who has at least a year of sobriety and provides guidance and support. This one-on-one mentorship is considered a pivotal part of the AA experience. SMART Recovery does not have a formal sponsorship structure, but participants are encouraged to exchange contact information to provide mutual support outside of meetings.
When deciding between AA and SMART Recovery, Dr. Kelly advises individuals to carefully consider which approach aligns with their personal needs. If you’re someone who values strong peer support and doesn’t mind the spiritual aspects of AA’s 12-step framework, AA may be the right fit. However, if you prefer a more clinical, science-based approach that integrates cognitive strategies, SMART Recovery might be the best choice for you.
Ultimately, the most crucial factor for success in either program is participation. Research shows that individuals who engage consistently whether by attending regular meetings, speaking up in meetings, or having a sponsor are more likely to succeed in their recovery journey. Whether through AA, SMART Recovery, or both, the key is to find the community and approach that resonates with you and supports your long-term recovery goals.
The journey to sobriety is different for everyone, but with the right support, it is entirely possible to break free from harmful drinking patterns and lead a healthier, more fulfilling life.
