For those managing chronic conditions, the winter months can often bring added challenges. While cold weather may be a seasonal nuisance for many, it can also exacerbate existing health issues, making everyday life more difficult. From dry air to colder temperatures, several factors contribute to flare-ups of chronic ailments. Here’s a look at four common conditions that tend to worsen in winter, along with tips for managing them.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, scaly patches, often on the elbows, knees, and scalp. Winter can be particularly tough on people with psoriasis because the cold, dry air strips moisture from the skin, making flare-ups more likely. The use of indoor heating can also contribute to skin dryness, and long, hot showers—often a winter comfort—can further irritate the skin. Additionally, a lack of sunlight, which is essential for managing psoriasis, can lead to more frequent flare-ups.
What You Can Do:
To protect your skin during the colder months, try taking shorter, lukewarm showers and avoid hot water. Using a humidifier at home will add moisture to the air, which can help keep skin from drying out. Be sure to moisturize your skin immediately after showering with a rich, fragrance-free cream or ointment. Dr. Sally Tan from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center also recommends getting 10 to 15 minutes of natural sunlight exposure each day, while wearing sunscreen with at least SPF 30 even when inside by a window.
Asthma
Cold air is a well-known asthma trigger. For people with asthma, inhaling cold, dry air can lead to bronchoconstriction when the airways tighten and make it difficult to breathe. This is especially common in outdoor activities during winter, as the body works harder to warm the air before it reaches the lungs. Viral infections like the common cold, which are more prevalent in winter, can also worsen asthma symptoms.
What You Can Do:
To reduce the risk of an asthma flare-up, Dr. Nicholas Nassikas, a pulmonologist, suggests limiting outdoor activities to warmer parts of the day. Before heading out into the cold, use your rescue inhaler to help prevent bronchospasms. Wearing a mask outdoors can also help warm the air before it reaches your lungs. Additionally, continue following your prescribed asthma treatments, and make sure to steer clear of pollutants such as smoke from firepits or wood-burning stoves.
Raynaud’s Disease
Raynaud’s disease is a condition that affects blood flow to certain areas of the body, typically fingers and toes, in response to cold temperatures. When exposed to the cold, blood vessels constrict too much, limiting blood flow and causing discomfort, numbness, and even pain. This exaggerated response to cold can be particularly debilitating during the winter months.
What You Can Do:
To manage Raynaud’s disease, it’s crucial to stay warm. Dress in layers and make sure to wear gloves, hats, and scarves when outdoors. Consider using hand and foot warmers in your gloves or shoes to help maintain circulation. At home, ensure that your living space is adequately heated and that you are not exposed to cold drafts. Dr. Vasileios Kyttaris, a rheumatologist, may also recommend medications that help dilate blood vessels and improve circulation.
Arthritis
Many people with arthritis report that cold weather makes their joint pain and stiffness worse. Although the connection between weather and arthritis symptoms is still debated in the medical community, anecdotal evidence suggests that lower temperatures can lead to increased discomfort in joints, especially in those with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
What You Can Do:
Even though the science on this link is inconclusive, people with arthritis can take steps to alleviate pain during the winter months. Dr. Kyttaris recommends heat therapy, such as using a heating pad, warm shower, or bath, to help ease stiffness. Wearing joint braces can provide additional support and reduce inflammation. Regular physical activity is also key to reducing inflammation and improving joint flexibility. Aim for daily movement, whether it’s stretching, walking, or low-impact exercises like swimming.
Winter can indeed present challenges for those with chronic conditions, but with the right strategies, it’s possible to stay comfortable and manage flare-ups. Whether it’s moisturizing your skin, protecting your lungs from cold air, staying warm to improve circulation, or staying active to reduce joint pain, taking proactive steps can help you navigate the season more easily. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and treatment options to manage your condition during the colder months.
