Rwanda is set to hold its general elections on July 15, 2024. This pivotal event will see the election of the President of the Republic and 53 deputies from lists proposed by political organizations or independent candidates. The announcement was made by the National Electoral Commission on X (formerly known as Twitter), detailing the timeline and procedural aspects of the elections.
Presidential and Legislative Elections
For the first time, Rwanda’s presidential and legislative elections will be conducted on the same day. This synchronized approach is designed to streamline the electoral process and enhance voter participation. According to the National Electoral Commission, candidates will have the opportunity to campaign from June 22 to July 12, allowing for nearly three weeks of active political engagement.
In addition to the presidential and legislative elections, 24 women parliamentarians, two youth representatives, and one representative of Rwandans with disabilities will be chosen by electoral colleges and committees on July 16. This multi-faceted electoral approach underscores Rwanda’s commitment to inclusivity and representative governance.
Paul Kagame’s Candidacy
President Paul Kagame, who has been the de facto leader of Rwanda since the end of the 1994 genocide, announced his candidacy for a fourth term in September. Kagame, now 66, has consistently garnered overwhelming support in previous elections, securing over 90% of the vote in the 2003, 2010, and 2017 elections. His tenure has been marked by significant constitutional amendments that have extended his eligibility to run for additional terms, potentially allowing him to remain in power until 2034.
“I am happy with the confidence Rwandans have shown in me. I will always serve them, as long as I can,” Kagame told the French-language magazine Jeune Afrique. His re-election as head of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) during its national congress in April further solidified his political standing.
Opposition and Human Rights Concerns
Thus far, Frank Habineza, leader of the opposition Green Party, is the only other candidate who has announced his intention to run in the 2024 presidential election. The political landscape in Rwanda remains tightly controlled, with human rights organizations accusing Kagame of suppressing dissent and stifling freedom of expression.
Despite its reputation as one of Africa’s most stable countries, Rwanda faces significant scrutiny over its human rights record. The country is ranked 131st out of 180 countries in the Reporters Without Borders 2023 World Press Freedom Index. Critics argue that Kagame’s government governs in a climate of fear, with numerous political opponents imprisoned, killed, or exiled during his years in power.
One notable case is that of Paul Rusesabagina, the hero of the film “Hotel Rwanda” and a vocal critic of Kagame. Rusesabagina was sentenced to 25 years in prison for “terrorism” in 2021, following a controversial arrest. However, he was released in March 2023 and sent to the United States after receiving a presidential pardon. In a video message released in July, Rusesabagina described Rwandans as “prisoners in their own country.”
Kagame’s long-term plans for his presidency have been a topic of discussion. When asked in July 2022 whether he intended to run for another term, Kagame remarked, “I plan to run for another 20 years, I have no problem with that.” This statement reflects his enduring influence and the potential for continued leadership, should he secure electoral victories.
As Rwanda approaches its general elections, the international community and local stakeholders will be closely monitoring the process. The elections represent a critical juncture for Rwanda’s democratic trajectory and governance. The outcome will not only shape the country’s political future but also influence its international relations and human rights standing.
