Saudi Arabia has embarked on an ambitious journey to establish itself as a global football superpower, leveraging decades of history, strategic investments, and high-profile acquisitions. The country’s football story began in 1956 with the founding of the Saudi Arabian Football Federation (SAFF). Over time, it grew into a dominant force in the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), with landmark successes like the AFC Asian Cup win in 1984. Saudi Arabia’s global breakthrough came during the 1994 World Cup in the United States, highlighted by Saeed al-Owairan’s iconic solo goal against Belgium.
Despite early achievements, the national team struggled to maintain its momentum. Subsequent World Cup appearances in 1998, 2002, and 2006 ended without wins, with a notable low point being an 8-0 loss to Germany in 2002. The 2011 Asian Cup campaign also ended in disappointment, prompting a reevaluation of the nation’s football strategy.
A turning point came in 2015 with the launch of Vision 2030, a strategic roadmap to diversify Saudi Arabia’s economy and enhance its global influence. Sports, particularly football, became a focal point of this vision. The 2018 World Cup in Russia, despite a humiliating 5-0 loss to the hosts in the opening match, served as a catalyst for reform. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s leadership marked the beginning of significant changes in the football landscape.
Two key figures, Turki al-Sheikh and Yasser al-Misehal, emerged as driving forces behind Saudi Arabia’s football revolution. Al-Sheikh brought international attention by organizing high-profile events such as the Supercoppa Italiana and the Supercopa de España in Riyadh. Meanwhile, Misehal focused on systemic reforms within the SAFF, fostering partnerships with football organizations worldwide.
Saudi Arabia’s football ambitions expanded with the involvement of the Public Investment Fund (PIF), which acquired Newcastle United in 2021 after prolonged negotiations. This acquisition marked a significant step in Saudi Arabia’s efforts to increase its presence in European football. The country’s aspirations also extended to hosting global events, with bids for tournaments like the AFC Nations Cup and plans for a 2030 World Cup bid alongside Greece and Egypt. Though the 2030 bid was unsuccessful, it set the stage for future endeavors.
The 2022 World Cup in Qatar proved pivotal. Saudi Arabia stunned the world by defeating eventual champions Argentina in the group stage. Shortly after, Cristiano Ronaldo’s record-breaking move to Al-Nassr signaled a new phase for the Saudi Pro League, which began attracting international talent with substantial investments. The PIF further consolidated its influence by acquiring stakes in the country’s “Big Four” clubs and injecting over £150 million into player acquisitions.
By 2023, Saudi Arabia’s influence extended beyond its borders. Memorandums of understanding were signed with football federations in India and Ukraine, while the SAFF secured the hosting rights for the 2027 AFC Nations Cup. Saudi Arabia’s commitment to football development was further cemented when Misehal joined FIFA’s council, amplifying the kingdom’s voice in global football governance.
The country’s financial clout also played a critical role in its growing football influence. Partnerships like the one between Aramco and FIFA underscored the intersection of state-backed resources and the global game. In 2024, FIFA awarded Saudi Arabia the hosting rights for the 2034 World Cup, cementing its status as a key player on the international stage.
Saudi Arabia’s meteoric rise in football reflects a blend of historical foundation, strategic investments, and international diplomacy. Its transformation into a global football hub demonstrates the power of sports in shaping a nation’s identity and global standing. As the kingdom prepares to host the 2034 World Cup, its journey serves as a testament to ambition and the reshaping of football’s traditional power dynamics.
