Stakeholders in Garissa County have raised alarms over the low uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine, crucial for preventing cervical cancer. Despite being available since 2021, the vaccine has seen limited acceptance among the local population, particularly for girls aged 10 to 14.
Cervical cancer, predominantly caused by HPV, poses a significant risk to women globally. In 2020, Garissa reported over 5,000 cases and 3,000 deaths from cervical cancer. The increasing incidence underscores the need for widespread vaccination. The HPV vaccine, available at various health facilities, is part of the government’s effort to curb this trend. However, the vaccination rate in Garissa remains alarmingly low.
Barriers to Vaccine Uptake
Interviews with stakeholders reveal several factors contributing to the low vaccination rates. These include parental fears about the vaccine’s safety, cultural and religious beliefs, and widespread misinformation. Mrs. Nurta Mohamed, the County’s non-communicable disease coordinator, noted that from January to May this year, only 124 girls received the first dose, and just 132 the second dose.
Despite ongoing mobilization and sensitization efforts, including radio campaigns, progress has been minimal. Most vaccinated individuals are non-locals. Mrs. Mohamed emphasized the need for increased advocacy involving religious and community leaders to improve vaccine uptake.
Misinformation and Cultural Beliefs
In 2012, the Catholic Church raised concerns about the HPV vaccine, citing issues related to infertility. This negative narrative has significantly influenced local perceptions, leading many to avoid vaccinating their daughters. Mrs. Mohamed highlighted the persistence of myths, such as claims that the vaccine causes infertility, as a major obstacle.
Sheikh Omar Abdisitar, from the Council of Imams and Preachers of Kenya (CIPK) Garissa chapter, attributed the low uptake to a lack of awareness. He stressed the need for comprehensive sensitization campaigns involving not just the government, but also religious leaders, local administration, media, and opinion leaders.
Community Voices and Government Responsibility
Local residents expressed frustration with the government and the Ministry of Health for inadequate sensitization efforts. Noor Abdullahi criticized the lack of thorough educational campaigns to address myths and misconceptions about the vaccine. He called for more community engagement through local barazas and FM stations.
Brenda Ndeta, a Community Health Volunteer at the Police Line dispensary, confirmed the low uptake since the vaccine’s introduction three years ago. She noted that most parents who vaccinated their daughters were from other parts of the country. Brenda led by example, vaccinating her then 11-year-old daughter, but acknowledged the ongoing challenge posed by negative messaging.
Ubah Abdullahi, Bula Mzuri Senior Assistant Chief, regretted the impact of myths spread via local FM stations. She emphasized the difficulty in correcting misinformation once it has taken root. Winne Muga, another Garissa resident, urged the Somali community to embrace the vaccine to protect girls from cervical cancer as they grow.
The low uptake of the HPV vaccine in Garissa County highlights the critical need for intensified advocacy and educational campaigns. Addressing cultural and religious concerns, dispelling myths, and improving community engagement are essential steps toward enhancing vaccine acceptance and protecting future generations from cervical cancer.
