Costa Rica, long hailed as a gem of Central America with its lush rainforests, stunning coastlines, and eco-tourism appeal, has recently come under scrutiny due to growing challenges in its tourism sector. Despite earning the prestigious title of “Destination of the Year” in 2024, the country is now grappling with a projected decline in international visitors. Tourism, a cornerstone of Costa Rica’s economy, brought in approximately 2.6 million tourists in 2024, but forecasts suggest a potential drop of 15% to 20% by the close of 2025. This downturn could have far-reaching implications for the local economy, employment, and the region’s reputation as a global travel hotspot.
A variety of factors are contributing to this unexpected shift in tourist arrivals. Chief among them is the effect of currency fluctuations, which has altered Costa Rica’s affordability for key international markets, particularly the United States. The strengthening of the Costa Rican colón against the U.S. dollar has reduced the purchasing power of American tourists, making vacations in Costa Rica more expensive compared to other nearby destinations. This economic reality has led many potential visitors to seek alternatives in the region that offer similar attractions but at a lower cost. Such shifts highlight how global economic trends can influence individual travel choices and impact entire national industries reliant on foreign tourism revenue.
Health concerns have also surfaced as significant deterrents for prospective travelers. In March 2025, the U.S. Embassy in San José issued an alert regarding an outbreak of histoplasmosis, a serious lung infection linked to caving—a popular adventure activity in Costa Rica. The disease, caused by a fungus found in bat and bird droppings, poses a particular risk to those exploring caves, a staple attraction for eco-tourists. The health alert may dissuade not only adventure-seeking tourists but also general visitors concerned about potential medical risks while abroad.
Moreover, Costa Rica’s tropical environment, while beautiful, presents additional health challenges due to the presence of mosquito-borne diseases. Recent confirmations of local cases of Chikungunya, Dengue, Malaria, and Zika have added to concerns. These illnesses, though manageable with proper precautions, create an added layer of hesitation for travelers, especially families and older tourists who may be more susceptible to complications. In an increasingly health-conscious travel environment, such risks can influence destination choices and shape travel patterns for years to come.
Safety concerns are another factor impacting Costa Rica’s tourist appeal. In December 2024, the U.S. government issued a Level 2 Travel Advisory, urging heightened caution due to increased reports of crime, including theft and robbery. Notably, incidents around Juan Santamaría International Airport—an entry point for most international visitors—have sparked additional alarm. Safety issues, particularly those involving airports and tourist hotspots, can quickly affect a country’s image and deter travelers seeking peace of mind during their vacations.
These developments are not only affecting Costa Rica’s tourism sector but also signaling a shift in global travel preferences. As travelers reassess their plans, destinations like Panama and Nicaragua may see increased interest, benefiting from their relative affordability and fewer safety concerns. For Costa Rica, maintaining its status as a premier travel destination will require addressing these challenges head-on. This includes reinforcing public health measures, improving safety for tourists, and reevaluating pricing strategies to remain competitive on the global stage.
In the face of these difficulties, Costa Rica still offers unparalleled natural beauty and unique experiences for those willing to navigate the risks. However, the current situation underscores the need for vigilance, proactive planning, and adaptability both from travelers and from countries that depend heavily on tourism. Whether Costa Rica can overcome these challenges and continue to thrive as a leading destination remains to be seen, but the conversation around sustainable, safe, and affordable travel is now more relevant than ever.
